Archive for June, 2010

The Coal Wire: Carbon Capture’s Integral Role In Battling Climate Change

TheCoalWire


Today,
President Obama meets with a group of Republican and Democratic senators to
discuss how to move forward with energy and climate change legislation. And as we noted last week, we share President
Obama’s commitment to creating a clean energy future and the ability to balance
our nation’s energy, environmental and economic interests. The Obama
administration, as well as members of both parties in Congress, have recognized
the role of developing and deploying carbon capture and storage technologies in
achieving that balance and allowing American coal to play an important role in
achieving a clean energy future without jeopardizing jobs and our economy. As the
President’s Secretary of Energy, Steven Chu, recently said
:

 

Advancing our carbon capture and storage
technology will create new jobs in America and reduce our carbon pollution
output … It’s another example of our country’s innovation at work.

 

In
this edition of The Coal Wire, we highlight carbon capture and storage
technology’s role in building America’s balanced clean energy portfolio, as
well as what other nations near and far are doing with CCS to help the rest of
the world move toward a future with significantly reduced carbon emissions.

 

Jefferson
[IN] Evening News and Tribune
Fired Up: Indiana Energy Adviser Argues The
Merits Of Coal In An Anti-Carbon Climate (6/24)
: “At a time when the
burning of fossil fuels is under attack as a major cause of global warming,
Irwin argues the unpopular position that burning more coal may be good for the
economy and the environment … As the director of the state’s Center for Clean
Coal Technology Research, located at Purdue University, its Irwin’s job to
advise state officials on how to allocate funds for coal research projects in
Indiana. Among them are efforts to develop a commercially viable way to
capture carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants and sequester them
underground.
Another is the development of a pipeline to carry carbon
emissions to Texas, where it would be injected in liquid form into oil fields.”

 

USA
Today
Obama Funds Research Into Algae-Based Biofuels (6/29): “In its push for
clean energy sources, President Obama’s administration is exploring all options
– including algae-based biofuels … To help develop non-polluting energy sources,
DOE has awarded billions of dollars — much of it from the three-year Recovery
Act — for nuclear power plants, solar energy systems, wind turbines, energy
efficiency and carbon capture technology.”

 

University
of Texas At Austin
University Receives $19 Million To Monitor Carbon
Storage Project (6/28
): “The University of Texas at Austin will receive up to $19
million from the U.S. Department of Energy and NRG Energy to design and oversee
a monitoring plan for a carbon capture and storage demonstration project in
southeast Texas. The project will demonstrate advanced technology to reduce
emissions of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) from a coal-fired power
plant. This project will be among the first in the state of Texas, and one of
only a handful in the world, to use anthropogenic CO2 as opposed to naturally
occurring CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). EOR is a technique that involves
injecting CO2 into declining oil fields to increase oil yield. The objective of
this project will be to ensure the long-term geologic storage of the injected
CO2.”

 

Edmonton
Journal
Enbridge To Expand Pipeline, Join Carbon-Capture Project (6/29): “Enbridge Inc. said
Monday it plans a $400-million expansion of its Waupisoo oilsands pipeline
system and is joining a carbon-capture project near Edmonton backed by power
producers TransAlta Inc and Capital Power Corp … Enbridge also said Monday it
will join TransAlta and Edmonton-based Capital Power in Project Pioneer, a
$1.4-billion scheme to trap carbon dioxide emissions from the Keephills 3
coal-fired generation plant west of Edmonton. The project has $779 million in
backing from the Alberta and Canadian governments. It aims to cut emissions
of greenhouse gases by one million tonnes a year.”

 

The
Atlantic
Is China Winning The Energy Race? (6/17): “I spoke with Julian
Wong, an expert in Chinese energy policy at the Center for American Progress.
An edited version of our conversation follows: … ‘The number one concern is
energy security. China is already a net importer of coal, despite conventional
wisdom that they have abundant coal resources. That’s because a lot of the
supply is in remote areas while the demand is more on the coast, and there’s
inadequate logistics capacity to move the coal around. They’re also exporting
technology to Brazil and Turkey. They’re producing clean coal technology
like supercritical and ultra-supercritical power plants, which are essentially
ultra efficient coal power plants.
They’re making inroads in high voltage
transmission wires which send energy across remote areas and large distances
while mitigating energy loss. They’ve always used hyrdo-power as a way to
engage other countries by using their expertise and technologies.’”


American Clean Energy Portfolio Must be Balanced And Diverse

As
elected officials on Capitol Hill and in many state houses debate and discuss
how to move toward a clean energy future by decreasing carbon emissions, there
still remains a lot of talk about dramatically increasing the use of natural gas
to produce electricity. Policymakers are still considering whether to support
initiatives that would replace some coal use with natural gas to generate
electricity.  Since natural gas is already being used to generate about 23
percent of all U.S. electricity (coal is responsible for
nearly half
), that suggestion would double the amount of natural gas
currently used by the electric sector at once.

In
order to have the best discussion possible on what needs to be in an American
clean energy portfolio, we have to take into account three important facts:

  • First,
    a plan to replace coal with gas could cost the U.S. almost 200,000
    jobs.
    These
    jobs involve coal mining, transporting coal, operating coal-fueled power plants,
    manufacturing equipment, and providing supplies.  It is likely that even more
    well-paying American jobs would be lost as energy-intensive manufacturers are
    forced to cut their payrolls to offset higher electricity prices caused by
    switching to natural gas.
  • Second,
    a recent report from the Congressional Research Service (CRS) raised serious
    questions about the feasibility of fuel switching from coal to natural
    gas.

    CRS pointed to uncertainty over future gas prices, the location and availability
    of electric transmission capacity, and the possibility of overstressing natural
    gas pipeline and storage capacity.
  • Third,
    public-private sector partnerships—here in the U.S. and in other nations—are
    developing carbon capture and storage technologies to achieve up to a 90 percent
    reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fueled power
    plants.

    According to the U.S. Department of Energy, it is more expensive (on a dollars
    per ton basis) to reduce carbon dioxide from natural gas-fueled power plants
    than from coal-fueled plants.  This is important because gas-fueled plants will
    not be able to meet the long-term requirements of the most climate change bills
    being discussed in Congress without installing CCS.

The
U.S. must be able to rely on all our domestic energy resources that can provide
affordable, reliable electricity. Like coal, natural gas has an important
role to play in America’s energy future.  But, replacing coal with natural gas
will not accomplish our nation’s economic, energy security, and environmental
goals
. Instead, with advanced technologies like carbon capture and storage,
our clean energy portfolio can be balanced and diverse.


CCS Technologies Part Of A “Low Carbon Path To Energy Security”


The
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation meeting of energy ministers took place this past
weekend in Japan, as many nations’ leaders agreeing on a Declaration
On Low Carbon Paths To Energy Security
, with
the three goals of enhancing regional energy security, increasing economic
growth and lowering emissions. These leaders emphasized carbon capture and
storage technologies as a key part of that path, and emphasized a CCS
deployment plan as critical to achieving energy security:

 

Cost-effective technologies for carbon
capture and storage (CCS) are essential to reducing carbon emissions from power
generation within the many APEC economies that still rely on coal and other
fossil fuels for a significant portion of
their electricity generation. Clean coal technologies are available to make the
use of coal more efficient and lower-emitting. We therefore urge redoubled
efforts to develop and deploy such technologies and share information on them
through multilateral fora.

 

We instruct the EWG to extend and reinforce
its analysis of technology options for CCS and its dissemination of best
practices for applying these technologies to new and existing powerplants,
working with the EGCFE and other multilateral fora. We also instruct the EWG
and EGCFE to develop an initiative for deploying advanced clean coal
technologies such as Ultra Super Critical (USC) and Integrated Gasification
Combined Cycle (IGCC) to make coal-fired powerplants more efficient.

 

It’s
clear that our allies are making their investments in clean
coal technology
. They understand the
investments will help create the clean energy future we are striving for.
Congress, too, should support CCT in energy in any clean energy policy it takes
up.